This Big Bend National Park Cactus has chosen an unlikely place to thrive. Life in the desert is determined and resourceful. This specimen is perched on the ruins of an abandoned rock house, Although there is virtually no water available, this hardy plant is not only surviving, it is thriving. Many similar habitats exist throughout the park. Cacti thrive in all of them. They are a dominant species in the desert. There are more species of cacti in Big Bend National Park than any other park in the United States. There are about 65 different cacti found in a variety of habitats. The combination of elevation, geology, and soils provides habitat for this variety.
Cacti are only found in the Americas. Cacti are members of the succulent family of plants. Succulents store water beneath a thick skin with a waxy outer layer. The waxy layer conserves water from evaporation. This allows the cacti to thrive in the harshest and driest conditions. One of the characteristics of the cactus that separates it from other succulents is its areole. The areole is only found among cacti. It is an opening on the epidermis of the cactus where spines protrude and gases are exchanged.
Cactus blooms are brilliant and showy. They are also short lived and use their brilliant colors to attract pollinators. With brief periods of rain, it’s a rush to flower and fruit as quickly as possible. In most years, April is the best month to see many of the big bend national park cactus species in bloom.
For a detail list of the Texas cacti, visit the American Southwest page. Descriptions, range and images provide further information.
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